Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) is an acidic solution typically obtained by the reaction of aluminum hydroxide or aluminum oxide with hydrochloric acid or other strong acids. The chemical composition and properties of PAC vary depending on the ratio of raw materials used and the degree of polymerization during its production.

When dissolved in water, PAC hydrolyzes to form polymeric species with a high charge density, which are effective coagulants for water treatment processes. The hydrolysis process releases hydrogen ions (H⁺) into the solution, thus contributing to the acidic nature of the PAC solution. 

The pH of PAC solutions can range from around 3 to 5, indicating its acidic property. This acidity plays a critical role in the coagulation-flocculation process, as it helps to neutralize the negative charges on suspended particles and colloids in the water, allowing them to aggregate and settle out more efficiently.

Keywords: PAC, Poly aluminum Chloride, poly aluminium chloride, Polyaluminum Chloride, PACL, Coagulant, Yellow PAC, Yellow polyaluminum chloride, White PAC, White polyaluminum chloride

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