Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) powder is an inorganic coagulant used extensively in water and wastewater treatment processes. It is a highly effective substance that facilitates the removal of suspended solids, colloids, and organic substances from water due to its unique ability to cause particles to aggregate and settle out.
PAC powder is produced through the chemical reaction between aluminum compounds such as aluminum hydroxide or alumina with hydrochloric acid or other strong acids. The resulting product is a yellow to dark brown powder with varying degrees of polymerization, which determines its effectiveness as a coagulant.
The structure of PAC powder contains polymeric chains of aluminum species bonded with chlorine atoms. When introduced into water, these polymers undergo hydrolysis, releasing positively charged ions that neutralize the negative charges on suspended particles, thereby promoting flocculation. This process leads to improved water clarity and quality by settling out impurities.
Depending on the manufacturing conditions and raw materials used, PAC powders can be categorized into different grades suitable for various applications, including:
- Drinking water purification
- Municipal wastewater treatment
- Industrial wastewater treatment
- Stormwater runoff management
- Swimming pool water clarification
- Paper manufacturing
- And more
The use of PAC powder offers several advantages, such as a wide pH range tolerance, lower dosage requirements compared to some other coagulants, and a generally higher efficiency in treating water with complex contaminants. Additionally, it's considered a more eco-friendly option than traditional aluminum sulfate because of its reduced sludge production and better overall performance under certain conditions.
Keywords: PAC, Poly aluminum Chloride, poly aluminium chloride, Polyaluminum Chloride, PACL, Coagulant, Flocculant, Yellow PAC, Yellow polyaluminum chloride, White PAC, White polyaluminum chloride
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